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The Plant Family Brassicaceae pp 239–263Cite as

Biochemical and Functional Responses of Arabidopsis thaliana Exposed to Cadmium, Copper and Zinc

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Part of the book series: Environmental Pollution ((EPOL,volume 21))

Abstract

Phytoremediation has been accepted advantageous over commonly used civil engineering remediation methods in costs, practice and the scale at which the processes operate. Understanding the metabolic answer and the adaptation of plants towards toxic metal exposure opens the way to future phytoremediation of contaminated sites. The majority of these metals get accumulated in plants and may either directly or indirectly find their way into the food chain causing severe secondary consequences. In particular, excess cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) are known to induce stress effects in all plant species. However, while Cu and Zn are normally present in different soils, and are part of or act as cofactors of many cell macromolecules, plants have no metabolic requirement for Cd. Arabidopsis thaliana L. is considered a model plant for many studies as its genomic sequence was completely identified and its mechanisms in genomic, transcriptomic and proteomic regulation are often similar to other plant species. The molecular, biochemical, physiological and morphological characteristics of this species are strongly affected by the exposure to Cd, Cu and Zn. The aim of this work is to give an up-to-date overview on the recent breakthroughs in the area of responses and adaptation of A. thaliana to Cd, Cu and Zn, three of the most common metals found in polluted soils, both alone and in combination. This chapter aims to contribute to a better understanding of the fundamental aspects of detoxification of metals and general responses in phytoremediation. The numerous and easily available genetic resources developed in A. thaliana should be extended to fast growing plant species of high biomass having significant tolerance to metals and suitable for phytoremediation purposes.

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Abbreviations

Cd:

Cadmium

CKs:

Cytokinins

Cu:

Copper

GSH:

Reduced glutathione

IAA:

Indole-3-acetic acid

MTs:

Metallothioneins

PCS:

Phytochelatin synthase

PCs:

Phytochelatins

Zn:

Zinc

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Dipartimento di Scienze dei Sistemi Colturali, Forestali e dell’Ambiente, Università degli Studi della Basilicata, Via dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100, Potenza, Italy

    Adriano Sofo & Antonio Scopa

  2. Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building D, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium

    Tony Remans, Jaco Vangronsveld & Ann Cuypers

Authors
  1. Adriano Sofo
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  2. Antonio Scopa
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  3. Tony Remans
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  4. Jaco Vangronsveld
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  5. Ann Cuypers
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Adriano Sofo .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Centre for Environmental+Marine Studies, (CESAM) &, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal

    Naser A. Anjum

  2. (CESAM) &, Department of Chemistry and Biology, Centre for Environmental+Marine Studies, Campus Universitário, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal

    Iqbal Ahmad

  3. Centre for Environmental+Marine Studies, (CESAM) &, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal

    M. Eduarda Pereira

  4. Centre for Environmental+Marine Studies, (CESAM) &, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal

    Armando C. Duarte

  5. Deptartment of Botany, Faculty of Science, Hamdard University, street, New Delhi, 110062, India

    Shahid Umar

  6. Department of Botany, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, street, Aligarh, 202002, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Nafees A. Khan

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Sofo, A., Scopa, A., Remans, T., Vangronsveld, J., Cuypers, A. (2012). Biochemical and Functional Responses of Arabidopsis thaliana Exposed to Cadmium, Copper and Zinc. In: Anjum, N., Ahmad, I., Pereira, M., Duarte, A., Umar, S., Khan, N. (eds) The Plant Family Brassicaceae. Environmental Pollution, vol 21. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-3913-0_9

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