Cover not available
Part of
Theoretical Approaches to Linguistic Variation
Edited by Ermenegildo Bidese, Federica Cognola and Manuela Caterina Moroni
[Linguistik Aktuell/Linguistics Today 234] 2016
► pp. 1–22

Introduction

Triggers for language variation

ORCID logo | University of Trento
| University of Trento
| University of Trento
Published online: 1 December 2016
DOI logo
https://doi.org/10.1075/la.234.01bid
References
Abraham, Werner & Leiss, Elisabeth
(eds) 2013 Dialektologie im neuen Gewand. Zu Mikro-/Varietätenlinguistik, Sprachenvergleich und Universalgrammatik, Hamburg: Buske.Google Scholar
Baker, Mark
1988 Incorporation: a theory of grammatical function changing. The University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Adams, Marianne
1987 Old French, Null Subjects and Verb Second Phenomena. PhD dissertation, UCLA.Google Scholar
Adger, David & Smith, Jennifer
2005 Variation and the minimalist program. In Syntax and Variation. Reconciling the Biological and the Social [Current Issues in Linguistic Theory 265], Leonie Cornips & Karen P. Corrigan (eds), 149-178. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Alber, Birgit, DelBusso, Natalie & Prince, Alan
2015 From Intensional Properties to Universal Support. Ms, Università degli Studi di Verona and Rutgers University, New Brunswick NJ.Google Scholar
Alber, Birgit & Prince, Alan
In preparation. Typologies. Ms, Università degli Studi di Verona and Rutgers University, New Brunswick NJ.
Alexiadou, Artemis, Borer, Hagit & Schäfer, Florian
2014 The Syntax of Roots and the Roots of Syntax. Oxford: OUP. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Andersen, Henning
1973 Abductive and deductive change. Language 49(4): 765–793. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Anttila, Arto
2002 Variation and phonological theory. In Handbook of Language Variation and Change, Jack Chambers, Peter Trudgill & Natalie Schilling-Estes (eds), 206-243. Oxford: Blackwell.Google Scholar
Baker, Mark
2008 The macroparameter in a microparametric world. In Biberauer (ed.), 351-374. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Barbiers, Sjef
2009 Locus and limits of syntactic microvariation. Lingua 119(11): 1607-1623. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Battye, Adrian & Roberts, Ian
(eds) 1995 Clause Structure and Language Change. Oxford: OUP.Google Scholar
Benincà, Paola
1984 Un’ipotesi sulla sintassi delle lingue romanze medievali. Quaderni Patavini di Linguistica 4: 3–19.Reprinted in Benincà, Paola. 1994. La Variazione Sintattica, 177–194. Bologna: Il Mulino.Google Scholar
1994 La variazione sintattica. Bologna: Il Mulino.Google Scholar
2001 The position of Topic and Focus in the left periphery. In Current Studies in Italian Syntax: Essays Offered to Lorenzo Renzi, Guglielmo Cinque & Giampaolo Salvi (eds), 39–64. Amsterdam: Elsevier.Google Scholar
2006 A detailed map of the left periphery of Medieval Romance. In Crosslinguistic Research in Syntax and Semantics, Raffaela Zanuttini, Héctor Campos, Elena Herburger & Paul H. Portner (eds), 53-86. Washington DC: Georgetown University Press.Google Scholar
2013 Caratteristiche del V2 romanzo. Lingue romanze antiche, ladino dolomitico e portoghese. In Introduzione alla linguistica del mòcheno, Ermenegildo Bidese & Federica Cognola (eds), 65-84. Turin: Rosenberg & Sellier.Google Scholar
Benincà, Paola & Poletto, Cecilia
2004 Topic, Focus and V2. In The Structure of CP and IP. The Cartography of Syntactic Structures, Vol. 2, Luigi Rizzi (ed.), 52-75. Oxford: OUP.Google Scholar
Bermúdez-Otero, Ricardo
2014 Amphichronic explanation and the life cycle of phonological processes. In The Oxford Handbook of Historical Phonology, Patrick Honeybone & Joseph C. Salmons (eds), 374-399. Oxford: OUP.Google Scholar
Berwick, Robert & Chomsky, Noam
2012 The biolinguistic program: The current state of its evolution and development. In Biolinguistic Investigations, A.M. Di Sciulo & C. Aguero (eds), 19-41. Cambridge MA: The MIT Press.Google Scholar
Biberauer, Theresa
(ed.) 2008 The Limits of Syntactic Variation [Linguistik Aktuell/Linguistics Today 132]. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Biberauer, Theresa & Roberts, Ian
2012 Towards a parameter hierarchy for auxiliaries: Diachronic considerations. In Cambridge Occasional Papers in Linguistics 6, James N. Chancharu, Freddy Hu & Moreno Mitrović (eds), 209-236. Cambridge: University of Cambridge.Google Scholar
2015 Clausal hierarchies. In Beyond Functional Sequence, Ur Shlonsky (ed.), 295-313. Oxford: OUP. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
In press. Parameter setting. In The Cambridge Handbook of Historical Syntax, Adam Ledgeway & Ian Roberts (eds) Cambridge CUP DOI logo
Biberauer, Theresa & Sheehan, Michelle
(eds) 2013 Theoretical Approaches to Disharmonic Word Orders. Oxford: OUP. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Biberauer, Theresa, Holmberg, Anders, Roberts, Ian & Sheehan, Michelle
2014 Complexity in comparative syntax: The view from modern parametric theory. In Measuring Linguistic Complexity, Frederick Newmeyer & Laurel B. Preston (eds), 103-127. Oxford: OUP.Google Scholar
Boeckx, Cedric
2010 Linguistic Minimalism. In The Oxford Handbook of Linguistic Analysis, Bernd Heine & Heiko Narrog (eds), 485-505. Oxford: OUP.Google Scholar
Borer, Hagit
1984 Parametric Syntax: Case Studies in Semitic and Romance Languages. Dordrecht: Foris. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Büring, Daniel
2007 Intonation, Semantics and Information Structure. In The Oxford Handbook of Linguistic Interfaces, Gillian Ramchand & Charles Reiss (eds), 445-473. Oxford: OUP.Google Scholar
Chomsky, Noam
1981 Lectures on Government and Binding. Dordrecht: Foris.Google Scholar
1986 Knowledge of Language: Its Nature, Origins and Use. New York NY: Praeger.Google Scholar
1995 The Minimalist Programm. Cambridge MA: The MIT Press.Google Scholar
2005 Three factors in the language design. Linguistic Inquiry 36: 1-22. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
2006 Approaching UG from below. In Interfaces + Recursion = Language? Chomsky’s Minimalism and the View from Syntax-Semantics, Gärtner, Hans-Martin & Uli Sauerland (eds), 1-30. Berlin: De Gruyter.Google Scholar
2001 Derivation by phase. In Ken Hale: A Life in Language, Michael Kenstowicz (ed.), 1-52. Cambridge MA: The MIT Press.Google Scholar
Cinque, Guglielmo & Luigi Rizzi
2010 The Cartography of Syntactic Structures. In The Oxford Handbook of Linguistic Analysis, Bernd Heine & Heiko Narrog (eds), 51-65. Oxford: OUP.Google Scholar
Cognola, Federica
2011 Acquisizione plurilingue e bilinguismo sbilanciato: Uno studio sulla sintassi dei bambini mocheni in età prescolare. Padova: Unipress.Google Scholar
2013a Syntactic Variation and Verb Second. A German Dialect in Northern Italy [Linguistik Aktuell/Linguistics Today 201]. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
2013b The mixed OV/VO syntax of Mòcheno main clauses: On the interaction between high and low left periphery. In Theoretical Approaches to Disharmonic Word Orders, Theresa Biberauer & Michelle Sheehan (eds), 106-135. Oxford: OUP. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Cruschina, Silvio
2010 Aspetti morfologici e sintattici degli avverbi in siciliano. In Studi sui dialetti della Sicilia [Quaderni di lavoro ASIt n.11], Jacopo Garzonio (ed), 21-42. Padua: Unipress.Google Scholar
Eguren, Luis, Fernández-Soriano, Olga & Mendikoetxea, Amaya
2016 Rethinking Parameters. Oxford: OUP. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Etxepare, Ricardo
2014 Contact and change in a Minimalist theory of variation. In Linguistic Variation in the Minimalist Framework, M. Carme Picallo (ed.), 108–139. Oxford: OUP. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Fontana, Joseph
1993 Phrase Structure and the Syntax of Clitics in the History of Spanish. PhD dissertation, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.Google Scholar
González-Vilbazo, Kay & López, Luis
2012 Little v and parametric variation. Natural Language and Linguistic Theory 30: 33-77. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Hale, Mark
1998 Diachronic syntax. Syntax 1: 1–18. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Harley, Heidi
2014 On the identity of roots. Theoretical Linguistics 40(3-4): 225-276. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Haspelmath, Martin, Dryer, Matthew S., Gil, David & Comrie, Bernard
(eds) 2000 The World Atlas of Language Structures. Oxford: OUP.Google Scholar
Hinterhölzl, Roland
2009 The role of information structure in word order variation and word order change. In New Approaches to Word Order Variation in Germanic, Roland Hinterhölzl & Svetlana Petrova (eds), 45–66. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Hirschbühler, Paul & Junker, Marie-Odile
1988 Remarques sur les sujets nuls en subordonnées en ancien et en moyen francais. Revue Québécoise de Linquistique Théorique et Appliquée 7(3): 63–84.Google Scholar
Hornstein, Norbert
2009 A Theory of Syntax. Minimal Operations and Universal Grammar. Cambridge: CUP. Google Scholar
van Kemenade, Ans
1987 Syntactic Case and Morphological Case in the History of English. Dordrecht: Foris. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Kayne, Richard
1994 The Antisymmetry of Syntax. Cambridge MA: The MIT Press.Google Scholar
Kayne, Richard S
2000 Parameters and Universals. Oxford: OUP.Google Scholar
2005 Movement and Silence. Oxford: OUP. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Kiparsky, Paul
2006 The amphichronic program vs. evolutionary phonology. Theoretical Linguistics 32: 217-36. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
2015 New perspectives in historical linguistics. In Handbook of Historical Linguistics, Claire Bowern & Evans Bethwyn (ed.), 64-102. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Kroch, Anthony
1989 Reflexes of grammar in patterns of language change. Language Variation and Change 1: 199–244. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Kroch, Anthony & Taylor, Ann
2000 Verb-object order in early Middle English. In Diachronic Syntax: Models and Mechanisms, Susan Pintzuk, George Tsoulas & Anthony Warner (eds), 132-163. Oxford: OUP.Google Scholar
Ledgeway, Adam
2005 Moving through the left periphery: The dual complementiser system in the dialects of Southern Italy. Transactions of the Philological Society 103(3): 339- 396. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
2007 Old Neapolitan word order: Some initial observations. In Histories and Dictionaries of the Languages of Italy, Anna Laura Lepschy & Arturo Tosi (eds), 121-149. Longo: Ravenna.Google Scholar
2008 Satisfying V2 in early Romance: merge vs move. Journal of Linguistics. 44(2): 437–40. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
2010 The clausal domain: CP structure and left periphery. In Syntactic Variation. The Dialects of Italy, Roberta D’Alessandro, Adam Ledgeway & Ian Roberts (eds), 38-51. Cambridge: CUP.Google Scholar
2011 Syntactic and morphosyntactic typology and change in Latin and Romance. In The Cambridge History of the Romance Languages: Vol. 1: Structures, Martin Maiden, John Charles Smith & Adam Ledgeway (eds), 382-471. Cambridge: CUP.Google Scholar
Lightfoot, David
1979 Principles of Diachronic Syntax. Cambridge: CUP.Google Scholar
1991 How to Set Parameters: Arguments from Language Change. Cambridge MA: The MIT Press.Google Scholar
1997 Catastrophic change and learning theory. Lingua 100: 171-192. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
1999 The Development of Language: Acquisition, Change, and Evolution. Oxford: Blackwell.Google Scholar
Manzini, M. Rita & Wexler, Kenneth
1987 Parameters, binding theory and learnability. Linguistic Inquiry 18: 413-444.Google Scholar
McMahon, April
1994 Understanding Language Change. Cambridge: CUP. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Meisel, Jürgen
2010 Bilingual language acquisition and theories of diachronic change: Bilingualism as cause and effect of grammatical change. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 14(2): 121-145. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
2007 The weaker language in early child bilingualism: Acquiring a first language as a second language? Applied Psycholinguistics 28: 495–514. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Montrul, Silvina
2004 Subject and object expression in Spanish heritage speakers: A case of morphosyntactic convergence. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 7(2): 125–142. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Montrul, Silvina & Potowski, Kim
2007 Command of gender agreement in school-age Spanish–English bilingual children. The International Journal of Bilingualism 11: 301–328. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Parker, Steve
2011 Sonority. In The Blackwell Companion to Phonology, Vol.2, Mark van Oostendorp, Colin J. Ewen, Elizabeth Hume & Keren Rice (eds), 1160-1184. Oxford: Blackwell.Google Scholar
Pascual y Cabo, Diego & Rothman, Jason
2012 The (il)logical problem of heritage speaker bilingualism and incomplete acquisition. Applied Linguistics 33(4): 1-7. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Picallo, M. Carme
(ed) 2014 Linguistic Variation in the Minimalist Framework. Oxford: OUP. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Pintzuk, Susan
1999 Phrase Structures in Competition: Variation and Change in Old English Word Order. New York NY: Garland.Google Scholar
Poletto, Cecilia
2000 The Higher Functional Field. Oxford: OUP.Google Scholar
2002 The left periphery of a V2-Rhaetoromance dialect: A new perspective on V2 and V3. In Syntactic Microvariation. Proceedings of the Workshop on Syntactic Microvariation, Amsterdam, August 2000, Sjef Barbiers, Leonie Cornips & Susanne van der Kleij (eds), 214–242. Amsterdam: Meertens Institute.Google Scholar
2014 The Syntax of Old Italian. Oxford: OUP.Google Scholar
Ramchand, Gillian & Charles Reiss
2007 Introduction. In The Oxford Handbook of Linguistic Interfaces, Gillian Ramchand & Charles Reiss (eds.), 1-13. Oxford: Oxford University Press. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Ramchand, Gillian C. & Svenonius, Peter
2008 Mapping a parochial lexicon onto a universal semantics. In Biberauer (ed.), 219-245. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Richards, Mark
2004 Object Shift and Scrambling in North and West Germanic: A Case Study in Symmetrical Syntax. PhD dissertation, University of Cambridge.Google Scholar
2008 Two kinds of variation in a minimalist system. In Varieties of Competition, Fabian Heck, Gereon Müller & Jochen Trommer (eds). Leipzig: Institut für Linguistik der Universität Leipzig.Google Scholar
Rizzi, Luigi
2006 On the form of chains. Criterial positions and ECP effects. In Wh-movement. Moving on, Lisa Lai-Shen Cheng & Norbert Corver (eds), 97-133. Cambridge (Mass.): MIT Press.Google Scholar
2014 On the elements of syntactic variation. In Linguistic Variation in the Minimalist Framework, M. Carme Picallo (ed), 13–35. Oxford: OUP. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Roberts, Ian
1985 Agreement parameters and the development of English modal auxiliaries. Natural Language and Linguistic Theory 3(1): 21-58. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
1996 Remarks on the Old English C-system and the diachrony of V2. In Language Change and Generative Grammar [Linguistische Berichte: Sonderheft 7], Ellen Brandner & Gisella Ferraresi (eds), 154–167. Opladen: Westdeutscher Verlag. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
1997 Directionality and word order change in the history of English. In Parameters of Morphosyntactic Change, Ans van Kemenade & Nigel Vincent (eds), 423–460. Cambridge: CUP.Google Scholar
2004 The C-system in Brythonic Celtic languages, V2 and the EPP. In The Structure of CP and IP. The Cartography of Syntactic Structures, Vol. 2, Luigi Rizzi (ed.), 297–328. Oxford: OUP.Google Scholar
2007 Diachronic Syntax. Oxford: OUP.Google Scholar
Roberts, Ian & Holmberg, Anders
2010 Introduction: Parameters in minimalist theory. In Parametric Variation. Null Subjects in Minimalist Theory, Theresa Biberauer, Anders Holmberg, Ian Roberts & Michelle Sheehan (eds), 1-57. Cambridge: CUP.Google Scholar
Rohlfs, Gerhard
1969 Grammatica storica della lingua italiana e dei suoi dialetti. Sintassi eformazione delle parole. Torino: Einaudi.Google Scholar
1972 Studi e ricerche su lingua e dialetti di Italia. Firenze: Sansoni.Google Scholar
Salvesen, Christine
2013 Topics and the left periphery: A comparison of Old French and Modern Germanic. In In Search of Universal Grammar: From Old Norse to Zoque [Linguistik Aktuell/Linguistics Today 202], Terje Lohndal (ed), 131–172. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Salvi, Giampaolo
2000 Il ladino. Schizzo linguistico. Verbum 2000(1): 151-169.Google Scholar
2004 La formazione della struttura di frase romanza. Ordine delle parole e clitici dal latino alle lingue romanze antiche. Tübingen: Niemeyer.Google Scholar
Sheehan, Michelle
2014 Towards a parameter hierarchy for alignment. In Proceedings of WCCFL 31, Robert E. Santana-Labarge (ed.), 399-408. Somerville MA: Cascadilla Press.Google Scholar
Silva-Corvalán, Carmen
1994 Language Contact and Change. Oxford: OUP.Google Scholar
Sorace, Antonella
2004 Native language attrition and developmental instability at the syntax– discourse interface: Data, interpretations and methods. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 7(2): 143–145. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
2011 Pinning down the concept of “interface” in bilingualism. LinguisticApproaches to Bilingualism 1(1): 1–33. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Taylor, Ann & Pintzuk, Susan
2012 The effect of information structure on object position in the history of English. In Information Structure and Syntactic Change [Oxford Studies in the History of English 1], Anneli Meurman-Solin, Maria Jose Lopez-Couso & Bettelou Los (eds), 47-65. Oxford: OUP. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Taylor, Ann & van der Wurff, Wim
(eds) 2005 Special issue on Aspects of OV and VO in the history of English. English Language and Linguistics 9(1): 1-4. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Vance, Barbara
1989 Null Subjects and Syntactic Change in Medieval French. PhD dissertation, Cornell University.Google Scholar
Vanelli, Laura
1987 I pronomi soggetto nei dialetti italiani settentrionali dal Medio Evo ad oggi. Medioevo Romanzo XIII: 173–211.Google Scholar
De Vogelaer, Guenther & Seiler, Guido
2012 Introduction. In The Dialect Laboratory. Dialects as a Testing Ground for Theories of Language Change [Studies in Language Companion Series 128], Gunther De Vogelaere & Guido Seiler (eds), 1-32. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Walkden, George
2012 Against Inertia. Lingua 122(8): 891-901. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Weerman, Fred
1993 The diachronic consequences of first and second language acquisition: The change from OV to VO. Linguistics 31: 901–931. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
2010 Diachronic change: Early versus late acquisition. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 14(2): 149–151. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Weinreich, Uriel
1953 Languages in contact, findings and problems [Publications of the Linguistic Circle of New York]. New York NY: Linguistic Circle of New York.Google Scholar
Weinreich, Ulrich, Labov, William & Herzog, Marvin I
1968 Empirical foundations for a theory of language change. In Directions for Historical Linguistics. A symposium, Winfred P.Lehmann & Yakov Malkiel (eds), 95-185. Austin TX: Texas University Press.Google Scholar
Westergaard, Marit
2009 The Acquisition of Word Order: Micro-cues, Information Structure and Economy [Linguistik Aktuell/Linguistics Today 145]. Amsterdam: Johh Benjamins. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
White, Lydia
2011 Second language acquisition at the interfaces. Lingua 121: 577–590. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Wolfe, Sam
2015 The nature of Old Spanish Verb Second reconsidered. Lingua 165: 132-155. DOI logoGoogle Scholar