Abstract
Size-segregated aerosol samples were collected using six stages High Volume Cascade Impactor. Aerosol mass and water soluble ions concentrations were determined. The Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) model was used to study the origin of air masses arriving to Belgrade in the investigated period. The obtained results of aerosol mass and water-soluble ion concentrations have been divided into six sub-data sets based on air mass categories. The highest average mass concentration of the fine mode (Dp ≤ 0.49 μm) was found for air masses coming to Belgrade from the southeast and northwest directions, and of the coarse mode (3.0 < Dp ≤7.2 μm) for air masses arriving from the northwest direction. The highest concentrations of SO42– were found in the fine particles transported to the investigated area by air masses from southeast direction. The analysis of contribution of marine aerosol components (Na+ and Cl-), the Correlation and Cluster Analysis indicated the influence of marine aerosol on urban aerosol of the central Balkans coming from the Western Mediterranean and northern direction. NH4+ and SO42- and K+ dominated in the fine mode for all air mass categories. PCA demonstrated the dominant impact of secondary aerosol formation processes on urban aerosols.
Graphical Abstract
References
[1] Seinfeld J.H., Pandis S.N., Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics: From Air Pollution to Climate Change, John Wiley & Sons, Inc, New York, 1998 10.1063/1.882420Search in Google Scholar
[2] Glavas S., Moschonas N., Atmos. Environ., 2002, 36, 3089 10.1016/S1352-2310(02)00262-5Search in Google Scholar
[3] Seinfeld J.H., Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics of Air Pollution, Wiley, New York, 1986 10.1021/es00151a602Search in Google Scholar
[4] Putaud J.P., Van Dingenen R., Dell’ Acqua A., Raes F., Matta E., Decesari S. et al., Atmos. Chem. Phys., 2004, 4, 889 10.5194/acp-4-889-2004Search in Google Scholar
[5] Đorđević D., Mihajlidi-Zelić A., Relić D., Ignjatović Lj., Huremović J., Stortini A.M., Gambaro A., Atmos. Environ., 2012, 46, 309 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.09.057Search in Google Scholar
[6] Querol X., Alastuey A., Viana M.M., Rodriguez S., Artińano B., Salvador P. et al., Aerosol. Sci., 2004, 35, 1151 10.1016/j.jaerosci.2004.04.002Search in Google Scholar
[7] Delalieux F., Van Grieken R., Potgieter J.H., Mar. Pollut. Bull., 2006, 52, 606 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2005.08.018Search in Google Scholar
[8] Kishcha P., Ničković S., Starobinetes B., di Sarra A., Udisti R., Becagli S. et al., Atmos. Res., 2011, 100, 28 10.1016/j.atmosres.2010.12.021Search in Google Scholar
[9] Draxler R.R., Hess G.D., Description of the Hysplit_4 modeling system, NOAA Tech. Memo. ERL ARL-224, NOAA Air Resources Laboratory, Silver Spring, MD, 1997, 24 Search in Google Scholar
[10] Draxler R.R., Hess G.D., Aust. Met. Mag., 1998, 47, 295 Search in Google Scholar
[11] Draxler R.R., Rolph G.D., HYSPLIT (HYbrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory) Model access via NOAA ARL, NOAA Air Resources Laboratory, Silver Spring, MD, 2011, http://ready.arl.noaa.gov/HYSPLIT.php Search in Google Scholar
[12] Rolph G.D., Real-time Environmental Applications and Display sYstem (READY), NOAA Air Resources Laboratory, Silver Spring, MD, 2011, http://ready.arl.noaa.gov Search in Google Scholar
[13] Poissant L., Atmos. Environ., 1999, 33, 2537 10.1016/S1352-2310(98)00207-6Search in Google Scholar
[14] Perkauskas D., Proceedings of Millennium (24th) NATO/CCMS International Technical Meeting on Air Pollution Modelling and its Application, 15-19 May 2000, Boulder, Colorado, USA, 212 Search in Google Scholar
[15] Đorđević D., Tošić I., Unkašević M., Đurašković P., Environ. Sci. Poll. Res., 2010, 17, 1591 10.1007/s11356-010-0346-7Search in Google Scholar PubMed
[16] Stortini A.M., Freda A., Cesari D., Cairns W.R.L., Contini D., Barbante C. et al., Atmos. Environ., 2009, 43, 6296 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2009.09.033Search in Google Scholar
[17] Kalnay E., Kanamitsu M., Kistler R., Collins W. et al., Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 1996, 77, 437 10.1175/1520-0477(1996)077<0437:TNYRP>2.0.CO;2Search in Google Scholar
[18] Cuccia E., Bernardoni V., Massabò D., Prati P., Valli G., Vecchi R., Atmos. Environ., 2010, 44, 3304 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.05.045Search in Google Scholar
[19] Espinosa A.J.F., Rodríguez M.T., de la Rosa F.J.B., Sánchez J.C.J., Atmos. Environ., 2001, 35, 2595 10.1016/S1352-2310(00)00403-9Search in Google Scholar
[20] Pikridas M., Bougiatioti A., Hildebrandt L., Engelhart G.J., Kostenidou E., Mohr C. et al., Atmos. Chem. Phys., 2010, 10, 6793 10.5194/acp-10-6793-2010Search in Google Scholar
[21] Wittmaack K., Menzel N., Wehnes H., Heinzmann U., Atmos. Environ., 2002, 36, 5877 10.1016/S1352-2310(02)00827-0Search in Google Scholar
[22] Tsitouridou R., Papazova P., Simeonova P., Simeonov V., J. Environ. Sci. Health A, 2013, 48(14), 1815 10.1080/10934529.2013.823337Search in Google Scholar
[23] Chrysikou L.P., Samara C.A., Atmos. Environ., 2009, 43, 4557 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2009.06.033Search in Google Scholar
[24] Maksimović M., Jovanović M., Nikolić K., Copper, 2007, 32(1), 1 Search in Google Scholar
[25] Đorđević D., Šolević T., Arsić P., Petrović S., Beograd University, Novi Beograd, 2004, (in Serbian) http://archive.rec.org/REC/Programs/REREP/LawDrafting/status/Serbia_and_Montenegro/Serbian/Srbija/Izvestaji/Konacni%20izvestaj_Pancevo.pdf Search in Google Scholar
[26] Marenco F., Bonasoni P., Calzolari F., Ceriani M., Chiari M., Cristofanelli P. et al., J. Geophys. Res., 2006, 111, D24202 (), DOI: 10.1029/2006JD007145 10.1029/2006JD007145Search in Google Scholar
[27] Beuck H., Quass U., Klemm O., Kuhlbusch T.A.J., Atmos. Environ., 2011, 45, 5813 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.07.010Search in Google Scholar
[28] Astel A., Mazerski J., Polkowska Z., Namiesnik J., Adv. Environ. Res., 2004, 8, 337 10.1016/S1093-0191(02)00107-7Search in Google Scholar
[29] Huang S., Rahn K.A., Arimoto R., Atmos. Environ., 1999, 33, 2169 10.1016/S1352-2310(98)00324-0Search in Google Scholar
© 2015 Aleksandra Mihajlidi-Zelić et al.
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.
